It is one of the most common hormonal disorders that affects many women of reproductive age. 

The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to hormonal imbalances, genetic factors and lifestyle factors. Women with PCOS may experience irregular menstrual periods, excess hair growth, acne and weight gain. On pelvic ultrasound, multiple follicles are often seen in the ovaries, hence the name. It can also lead to fertility problems, as it can cause irregular ovulation or prevent ovulation altogether.

There is no cure for PCOS, but it can be managed through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, and medications to regulate hormones and improve fertility. Women with PCOS may be at a higher risk for other health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnoea.

PCOS can also increase the risk of developing endometrial cancer, so it's important for women with PCOS to have regular gynaecological check-ups and screenings.

PCOS can be diagnosed through a physical exam, blood tests and imaging tests such as ultrasound.

Women with PCOS may benefit from working with a healthcare provider who specializes in PCOS, such as an endocrinologist or a reproductive endocrinologist. With proper management, women with PCOS can live healthy and fulfilling lives, and many are able to conceive and have successful pregnancies.