Sperm Freezing

Sperm freezing, also known as sperm cryopreservation, is a method used to preserve male fertility. This process involves collecting and freezing sperm, allowing men to store it for future use when they wish to conceive. By using frozen sperm, men’s fertility plans have greater flexibility and adoptability, effectively ensuring their dreams and parenthood.

Who Should Consider Sperm Freezing?

1. Those about to undergo treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which may affect fertility.
2. Individuals undergoing assisted reproductive treatments (e.g., IVF) who wish to save extra sperm for later use.
3. Men planning to undergo gender reassignment surgery who want to preserve their fertility before starting hormone therapy.
4. Men in jobs that could lead to injuries affecting fertility.
5. Men who cannot provide sperm at the time of collection for fertility treatments.
6. Men with repeated low sperm count or declining sperm quality.
7. Those who require surgical methods to obtain sperm.
8. Men who wish to postpone their family planning.

Sperm Freezing Process

1. Semen Collection: Sperm is collected via masturbation into a sterile container or through surgical retrieval by a urologist.
2. Semen Analysis: The collected sperm undergoes analysis in a lab to assess motility, count, and morphology.
3. Sperm Processing: The sperm is washed and treated with a cryoprotectant to protect it during freezing.
4. Freezing: The processed sperm is slowly frozen to -196°C using techniques that prevent ice crystal formation, which can damage cells.
5. Storage: Frozen sperm is stored in liquid nitrogen at -196°C until needed.
6. Thawing: When ready to use, the sperm is thawed, and the highest quality sperm is selected for use.
7. Insemination: If the thawed sperm quality is good, it can be used for intrauterine insemination (IUI). If the quality is suboptimal, it may be suitable for in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg.

Note: In Hong Kong, individuals undergoing assisted reproductive procedures must be legally married.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How many sperm samples should I freeze?
A: This depends on individual sperm quality. If the quality is good,a single sperm freezing procedure is sufficient; if not, multiple sampling may be necessary for future use.For men undergoing fertility preservation (like cancer patients), medical reasons may impact sperm count and motility. Therefore, freezing more than one sample is strongly recommended. Ideally 2-5 samples should be frozen if time allows, to ensure sufficient sperm are available after thawing for potential future use.

Q: How long can frozen sperm be stored?
A: Frozen sperm can generally be stored for up to 10 years in Hong Kong. Male cancer patients can store sperm until they are 55 years old (whichever occurs later in time).

Q: What should I do if I want to use my frozen sperm?
A: Men wishing to use frozen sperm for assisted reproductive treatments must be married and facing infertility. The sperm must be thawed before use, and treatment options depend on the quality and quantity of the stored sperm.

Sperm freezing is a valuable option for preserving fertility, especially for those facing medical or personal challenges. Consult a reproductive medicine specialist for personalized advice and assessment based on your situation and fertility goals.